Comparative studies on age and growth patterns of cultivated and wild Catla catla (Hamilton)

Catla catla (Hamilton) is one of the fastest growing Indian major carps (IMCs) with increasing market demand. Consistent demand and exploitation invites the attention of ichthyologists for its conservation strategies. Age and growth studies play a pivotal role for managing the fishery stocks in different water bodies. Here, we studied the age and growth patterns using opercula of both farm grown as well as the wild grown C. catla adopting standard methodologies. Wild specimens were caught from Harike wetland (Ramsar site) and the cultivated one from a farm at Dhudike in Punjab. High value of correlation coefficient ‘r’ 0.976 (wetland) and 0.983 (farm) reveals the strong relationship in total length and operculum radius of the fish. C. catla achieved average total length from wetland and farm, respectively at 1st (273.44 mm) 2nd (427.44 mm) 3rd (525.49 mm) 4th (624.52 mm) 5th (744.98 mm) 6th (813.62 mm) and 1st (282.1 mm) 2nd (463 mm) 3rd (601.7 mm) year of age of opercular bones study. The growth parameters such as, index of species average size (?h) 135.6 (wetland) and 200.6 (farm), growth constant (Clt) showed two growth phases from both localities i.e. sexual immaturity up to 2 years and sexual maturity afterwards. Whereas, growth characteristic (Cth) has revealed irregular growth pattern at wetland in comparison to growth of fish from farm. The results of this study concluded that the fish experienced more growth from the farm due to better and controlled conditions but, in wetland surrounding conditions were observed to be unfavourable for survival of the fish C. Catla.

rare case of primary solid intrarectal dermoid

Primary rectal teratomas are rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature worldwide. These usually occur in females. These are usually cystic but very rarely solid variants may occur. We present a case of a solid intra-rectal dermoid arising primarily in rectum from postero-lateral wall. Excision biopsy was done per rectally. Histology revealed the presence of squamous epithelium, fat cells, hair follicles, cartilaginous material and columnar lining of glandular structures suggestive of mature teratoma. It is usually benign but may become malignant, therefore complete resection is advised

Left paraduodental hernia causing acute small bowel obstruction

Paraduodenal hernias are rare fascinating variety of hernias that arise in the potential spaces and folds of the posterior parietal peritoneum adjacent to the ligament of Treitz. These may present with chronic intermittent abdominal pain, acute small bowel obstruction of bowel ischaemia. Treatment is by surgery. We present a case of a 32-year-old male who had previously presented to us on multiple occasions with abdominal pain that had always relived by its own. Only this time he presented with acute intestinal obstruction. The anatomy, management and significance of considering this uncommon diagnosis while examining a patient with acute small bowel obstruction are discussed

Foreign bodies in the rectum: a report on three cases including a bullhorn in the rectum

Foreign bodies in the rectum [FBR] are not rare. In the majority of cases these are self inserted by children and young adults as a result of sexual gratification, in psychiatric patients or inserted forcibly in victims of assault. Due of vague history, varied symptomatology and the variety of objects including different sizes and shapes, these often pose management problems. Management depends on the characteristics of the object and on the presence of peritonitis or pelvic abscess. Approach to management should be stepwise. Only three cases of cattle horn in rectum have been described so far; we report herewith on a fourth one. We describe three patients with different FBR treated in our institution along with review of the relevant literature

Massive intrahepatic subcapsular collection associated with parenchymal dehiscence in the case of amoebic liver abscess

We present a case of an amoebic liver abscess that revealed an unusual finding on abdominal computed tomography [CT] scan, an abscess involving the right lobe of the liver and a massive collection almost all around the liver that caused severe indentation of underlying parenchyma. The large amount of subcapsular collection was found to be communicating with the main abscess cavity through a focal parenchymal dehiscence in the supero-posterior region. Glisson's capsule was intact. Open surgical drainage was performed after a failed attempt of catheter drainage. Such a massive intrahepatic subcapsular collection [41] in the case of an infection with Entamoeba histolytica is unusual, which, along with the difficulty experienced in treating this case, led us to report it

Spontaneous tubercular enterocutaneous fistula developing in the scar of a surgery done 14 years earlier

We report a case of spontaneous tubercular enterocutaneous fistula, which occurred after a long interval of 14 years after an appendicectomy. A 32-year-old male presented with the complaint of fecal matter coming out continuously from an opening present over the scar of previous surgery. The only significant past history was that of appendicectomy done 14 years back for acute appendicitis [nontubercular]. Histopathology of tissue taken from the margins of the fistulous opening showed caseating granuloma, consistent with tuberculosis. Treatment was provided successfully in the form of fistulectomy and right hemicolectomy with ileotransverse anastomosis along with a 9-month course of four-drug antitubercular treatment. Regular follow-up for the last 2 years has been uneventful

Effect of preoperative fasting in children and adults

This study was carried out to determine the effect of blood sugar level in patients undergoing different operative procedures. Significant fall in blood sugar level has been found in children below the age of 3 years when they were kept fasting for more than 6 hours. Similar study in adults did not show any appreciable fall in blood sugar level with overnight fasting of more than 12 hours. It is concluded that children below the age of 3 years undergoing any operative procedure should not be kept fasting for more than 4 hours

Evaluation of problems associated with obese patients during general anesthesia

In the present study, comprising 50 patients, problems faced in obese patients during general anesthesia were evaluated. Difficulty in intubation, diminished cardiopulmonary reserve and the presence of systemic disorders like diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease were observed. In addition there were other problems like difficulty in positioning and shifting the patients, venepuncture, difficult surgical approach in spite of muscular relaxation. It was concluded that anesthetic management of obese patients should be supervised by the senior and experienced anesthesiologist